复合固体超强酸催化剂SO_4~(2-)_4-WO_3-ZrO_2的结构研究

已报导，经适当处理的SO42-ZrO2和WO3－ZrO2具有超强酸性［1］．在此基础上将SO42-和WO3同时负载于ZrO2表面，发现其表面酸性有明显增强，得到的固体超强酸504－W0s－Zro。在很宽的焙烧温度范围内（700七00“C）都具有HO三一16．04的酸强度，吸附毗院的红外光谱研究表明，其表面同时具有强的L酸性和B酸性问，140“C时，对正乙烷裂解及异构化的催化活性比SO4－－ZrO。和WO3－ZI02都高，表现出相当的协同效应同．本文用XRD，DTA－TG，比表面测定等技术研究催化剂的组成、结构形态及其随焙烧温度的变化．并与504－Zro：和WO。…     

Predicting the performance of molecularly imprinted polymers: Selective extraction of caffeine by molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction

A rational design approach was taken to the planning and synthesis of a molecularly imprinted polymer capable of extracting caffeine (the template molecule) from a standard solution of caffeine and further from a food sample containing caffeine. Data from NMR titration experiments in conjunction with a molecular modelling approach was used in predicting the relative ratios of template to functional monomer and furthermore determined both the choice of solvent (porogen) and the amount used for the study. In addition the molecular modelling program yielded information regarding the thermodynamic stability of the pre-polymerisation complex. Post-polymerisation analysis of the polymer itself by analysis of the pore size distribution by BET yielded significant information regarding the nature of the size and distribution of the pores within the polymer matrix. Here is proposed a stepwise procedure for the development and testing of a molecularly imprinted polymer using a well-studied compound—caffeine as a model system. It is shown that both the physical characteristics of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and the analysis of the pre-polymerisation complex can yield vital information, which can predict how well a given MIP will perform.     

Development and validation of a capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of phenothiazines in human urine in the low nanogram per milliliter concentration range using field-amplified sample injection

A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method with ultraviolet-visible detection has been established and validated for the determination of five phenothiazines: thiazinamium methylsulfate, promazine hydrochloride, chlorpromazine hydrochloride, thioridazine hydrochloride, and promethazine hydrochloride in human urine. Optimum separation was obtained on a 64.5 cm x 75 microm bubble cell capillary using a buffer containing 150 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and 25% acetonitrile at pH 8.2, with temperature and voltage of 25 degrees C and 20 kV, respectively. Naphazoline hydrochloride was used as an internal standard. Field-amplified sample injection (FASI) has been applied to improve the sensitivity of the detection. Considering the influence of parameters affecting the on-line preconcentration (nature of preinjection plug, sample solvent composition, injection times, and injection voltage) and due to the significant interactions among them, in this paper we propose for the first time the application of a multivariate approach to carry out the study. The optimized conditions were as follows: preinjection plug of water for 7 s at 50 mbar, electrokinetic injection for 40 s at 6.2 kV, and 32 microm of H3PO4 in the sample solvent. Also, a solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure is developed to obtain low detection limits and an adequate selectivity for urine samples. The combination of SPE and FASI-CZE-UV allows adequate linearities and recoveries, low detection limits (from 2 to 5 ng/mL), and satisfactory precisions (3.0-7.2% for an intermediate RSD %).     

高分子固体电解质研究进展

高分子固体电解质具有质轻、粘弹性了、易成膜等许多无机电解质和有机溶剂电解质所不可比拟的优点，近年来得到了很大的发展，这种新型材料的应用主要集中开发全固态锂电池和锂离子电池。本文对ＳＰＥ的电性能，离子传导特性以及提高ＳＰＥ性能的途径等作了综述，并对其发展前景作了简要探讨。     

蛋白质在固体表面吸附的研究进展

蛋白质在固体表面的吸附有多种理论模型和实验分析.蛋白质吸附主要包括分子传递、吸附、重排、交换、解吸等步骤.蛋白质在表面的状态由表面性能、静电作用及蛋白质自身性质等因素决定.蛋白质分子在界面吸附后发生构象改变,引起熵增.     

Thermochromism in nickel(II) complexes: thermal, solid state H NMR and single crystal X-ray analysis of bis-(N,N-dimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine) nickel(II) perchlorate

The complex bis-(N,N-dimethyl-1,2-ethanediamine) nickel(II) perchlorate undergoes a first-order thermochromic phase transition at ca. 476 K, changing its color from orange to red. The room temperature X-ray crystal structure determination showed that the nickel ion possesses a square-planar geometry with two five membered chelate rings, in the δλ conformation, forming the NiN₄ chromophore. The broad-line ¹H NMR indicates the onset of a dynamic disorder of diamine chelate rings at the phase transition temperature region, while T₁ measurement of ¹H affords the activation energy of the puckering metal chelate rings to be 26 kJ mol⁻¹. The electronic spectrum revealed that a weakening of ligand field around the nickel is associated with the phase transition.     

Simple and versatile operational fractionation of Fe and Zn in dietary products by solid phase extraction on ion exchange resins

A simple and versatile protocol, based on use of solid phase extraction on strong ion exchangers and off-line detection by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, was devised to fractionate iron and zinc in common dietary food and beverages products, i.e., bee honeys, fruit juices and tea infusions. In the procedure proposed, cation exchanger Dowex 50Wx4 and anion exchanger Dowex 1x4 were used separately for distinguishing broadly meant the cationic metal fraction and the fraction of stable anionic metal complexes, respectively, after retention of metal species and their exhaustive elution by means of a 4.0 mol l⁻¹ HCl solution. The third fraction, referred to the residual metal species, was retrieved by difference between total soluble metal contents and sum of metal quantities in separated cationic and anionic fractions. The fractionation pattern observed for both metals was described and discussed.     

V（V）促进SO4^2-／ZrO2固体超强酸的制备及催化反应

用低温陈化的方法制得V（V）促进型SO4^2-／ZrO2固体超强酸（SZV），用流动指示剂法测定其酸强度，用IR，XRD和XPS进行结构表征，并将制得的催化剂用于催化乙酸和丙三醇的酯化反应．结果表明，低温陈化样品比常温陈化有更强的酸性和更高的催化活性，IR谱图中S—O键的伸缩振动峰显著增强，在600～650℃的焙烧温度下，低温陈化样品的晶体结构为ZrO2四方相，XPS图中Zx3d峰位出现较大的化学位移，表明低温陈化使SZV样品具有较高的酸性．     

固相微萃取研究进展

对固相微萃取的发展背景，应用及其研究进展作了综述。引用文献 145篇。     

All Solid‐State pH Electrode Based on Titanium Nitride Sensitive Film

Titanium nitride was used as pH‐sensitive material to fabricate all solid‐state pH electrode. The fabrication and the response performance of the pH electrode were described in the paper. The TiN film electrode showed a linear response in the pH range of 2–12 with a near‐Nenstian response (?55 mV/pH). The response time was within 1 min, and the electrode had good reproducibility, stability and low sensitivities for different species. Compared with the glass pH electrode, the electrode exhibited some advantages, for example, without activation, rapid response and high mechanical strength. In addition, the electrode performed excellently in a corrosion medium containing F^?(1 M). Electrochemical behaviors of TiN electrode in Britton‐Robinson buffers were studied with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS).